Kiln.



PATENTED JAN. 22, 1907.

G. LARSON.

1KILN.-

APPLICATION FILED FEBJZI. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS 6a., WASHINGTON, D. C

PATENTED JAN. 22,1907.

G. LARSON;

ILN. APPLICATION FILED IEB.21; 1906.

3 SEEETS-SHBET 2.

dag 64; WT

PATENTED JAN. 22, 1907. 1

I G. LARSON.

' 'KILN. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 21, 1906.

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I IIIII I l I I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV LARSON, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO LOS ANGELES PRESSED BRICK COMPANY, OF LOS ANGELES, OA'LI- FORNIA, A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA.

KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 22, 1907.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAV LARSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and 5 State of California, have invented a new and useful Kiln, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to, a kiln particularly designed for burning red brick, tile, &c. and the main object of the invention is to provide for securing an even degree of heat throughout the kiln, whereby all of the bricks or tile will be uniformly burned and have a uniform color. 7

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention, and, referring thereto, Figurel is a side elevation of the kiln. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section taken through the kiln on line 00 90 Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section through the kiln on line m :0 Fig. 2. .Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-section through the kiln on line 00 :0 Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal horizontal section through the kiln on line m 20 Fig. l.

The kiln comprises a floor 1 with side walls 2 and end walls 3 and 4, the latter having a doorway 5. Anarched roof 6 is supported by the walls and at intervals is provided with openings 7. Underneath the floor 1 is a series of flues 8, formed by narrow vertical walls'9, which rest upon the foundation 10, and thus serve to support thefloor 1. Each flue 8 is preferably constructed as shown in Fig. 4, having an even depth for about half its length and its floor being inclined for part of the other half of its length. The flues 8 are in sets, each set containing three adjacent flues, and alternate sets of flues have their inclined floors on one side of the kiln, the intervening sets having their flues inclined on the other side of the kiln.

Each set of three flues terminates at one side of the kiln in a combustion-chamber 11. For instance, in Fig. 4, 12 designates the ends of the two walls 9 and the point at which the three flues communicate with the combustion-chamber 11. There is a combustionchamber for each three flues, and each combustion-chamber is supplied with an injectorburner 13, which may be supplied with oil and steam through pipes 14 and 15, respectively. The floor of each combustion-chamber 11 is provided with openings 16 and an underlying air-passage 17, through which air may be admitted to the combustionchamber below the burner to regulate combustion and draft through the flues. Each set of three flues 8 at its other end communicates with a vertical flue 18, as shown in Figs. 2, 4, and 5.

Arranged on one side of the kiln are three chimneys 20, as shown in Fig. 5, and on the other side of the kiln are two more chimneys 20. Extending transversely of the kiln underneath the floor on a line with each chimney are flues 21 as shown in Figs 3 and 5, the floor of the kiln over each flue 21 having a large number of openings 22. (See Fig. 5.) Each flue 21. communicates with its respective chimney 20, and each chimney is preferably constructed, as shown in Fig. 3, with hollow walls, the hollow space in the chimney tapering toward the top and communicating with the atmosphere through openings 23 and 24, the latter opening being arranged at the bottom and the former at the top, whereby circulation of air is maintained through the walls of the chimney, which prevents overheating of the walls.

In order to regulate the draft circuits each chimney is provided at the top with a damper-plate 25, which is slidable vertically on supports 26. The damper 25 is adjustably held in position by a link 27 and lever 28, which may be manipulated by a chain 29. By lowering the damper 25 the draft is diminished, and by raising the plate 25 the draft may be increased.

In operation a current of hot air from each burner will pass from the combustion-chamber 11 through the three related flues 8 under the floor of the kiln, thence up through the related vertical flue 18, be deflected by the arched roof of the kiln, thence down through the floor of the kiln through the nearest passages 22 into the related flue 21, thence out through the related chimney 20. It is obvious that each two adjacent currents in passing under the floor have opposite directions of movement, the direction of current alternating from end to end of the burners, as indicated in Fig. 5. It will thus be seen that the floor will be heated uniformly. These currents issue into the kiln from the vertical flues 18 from opposite directions and form, as it were, verticallydisposed strata of heat having opposite directions of movement, although, of course, after issuing from the flues 18 the heat strata commingle and descend downward through the orifices 22 through the floor; but it is this interlacing of the circuits which produces such a uniform degree of heat through the kiln.

With this construction it is possible to throw the heat in the kiln to any desired point. For instance, if the draft in the circuit of one burner is so great as to throw the heat to the top of the kiln adjacent that circuit the damper-plate 25 of the related chimney may be lowered to reduce the draft, which will throw the heat farther back in the circuit toward the floor, and by reason of the plurality of circuits and their alternating directions of movement a perfect control of the heat throughout the entire kiln may be obtained.

What I claim is 1. A kiln comprising a top, floor, and walls, means for maintaining a plurality of heatcurrents having opposite directions of movement under the floor, means for conducting currents of one direction vertically on one side and for conducting currents having the other direction vertically on the other side, means for causing all currents to descend through the floor, and means for conducting currents after passing through the floor, successively in opposite directions and parallel with the adjacent currents so that each outgoing current passes by the adjacent currents, all of the heat-currents under said floor being in contact therewith.

2. A kiln comprising a top, floor, and walls, chimneys on both sides, a plurality of sets of horizontal fiues under the floor, vertical flues in the interior against the walls, the vertical flues on one side communicating with alternate sets of horizontal flues, means on the same side of the kiln for producing heat for the other horizontal flues, vertical flues on the other side communicating with the other horizontal fiues, and means on the same side of the kiln for producing heat for the intermediate horizontal fiues, other horizontal lines under the floor, chimneys on both sides, the chimneys on one side communicating with certain of the latter flues, the chimneys on the other side communicating with the other of the latter fiues, the floor of the kiln having openings into said latter fiues, all of the flues being parallel, said floor forming the upper wall of all the fines.

3. A kiln comprising a top, floor, and walls, chimneys on both sides, a plurality of sets of horizontal flues under the floor, vertical flues in the interior against the walls, the vertical flues on one side communicating with alternate sets of horizontal fiues, means on the same side of the kiln for producing heat for the other horizontal flues, vertical flues on the other side communicating with the other horizontal fiues, means on the same side of the kiln for producing heat for the intermediate horizontal flues, other horizontal flues under the floor, chimneys on both sides, the chimneys on one side communicating with certain of the latter fiues, the chimneys on the other side communicating with the other of the latter fiues, the floor of the kiln having openings into said latter fiues, and draft-regulating means on each chimney comprising a horizontal damper-plate vertically adjustable above the top of each chimney.

4. A kiln comprising a top, floor, and walls, the side walls having fireplaces, horizontal flues under the floor communicating with the fireplaces, injector-burners at the fireplaces, vertical flues inside the kiln communicating with the horizontal flues, other fiue's under the floor for carrying off the heatcurrent, the floor having openings into the latter flues, and chimneys communicating with the latter flues.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at Los Angeles, California, this 7th day of February, 1906.

GUSTAV LARSON.

In presence of- GEORGE T. HAoKLEY, VERNA A. TALBERT. 

